“4 Effective Kidney Stone Removal Methods: Pros, Risks & Recovery” Can kidney stones pass naturally? Learn how Medical Expulsive Therapy (MET) uses medications like tamsulosin to help stones pass faster with less pain.

Discover success rates & when surgery is needed. Here are 4 common methods of kidney stone removal, depending on the size, location, and type of stone:

1. Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)

How it works: Uses sound waves to break stones into small fragments that pass naturally in urine.

Ideal for: Small to small to medium- stones (5mm-2cm) in the renal veins or upper ureter
Recovery: Outpatient procedure, no incision, but may cause bruising or blood in urine.

2. Ureteroscopy (URS) with Laser Lithotripsy

How it works: A thin scope is inserted through the bladder into the ureter/kidney, and a laser breaks the stone. Fragments are removed with a basket.

Best for: Stones in the ureter or kidney (usually <1.5–2 cm).

Recovery: Usually outpatient, may require a temporary stent.

3. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)

How it works: A small back incision is made, and a nephroscope removes large stones directly.

Best for: Large stones (>2 cm) or staghorn calculi.

Recovery: Hospital stay (1–2 days), longer recovery than ESWL or URS.

4. Natural Passage with Medical Expulsive Therapy (MET)

How it works: Drinking lots of water + taking alpha-blockers (like tamsulosin) to help small stones (<5mm) pass on their own.

Best for: Tiny stones in the ureter.

Recovery: Non-invasive but can be painful; may take days to weeks.